How does loop diuretics cause ototoxicity?
How does loop diuretics cause ototoxicity?
The most likely mechanism responsible for the potentiation of ototoxicity by loop diuretics is damage to the tight cell junctions in the blood vessels in the stria vascularis resulting in temporary disruption of the blood-cochlear barrier which increases the permeability of the lateral wall to ototoxic drugs.
Why is furosemide ototoxic?
Furosemide is an ototoxic diuretic. Furosemide injection is followed by a rapid, but reversible decrease of the endocochlear potential and eighth nerve action potential with a more gradual decrease of the endolymph potassium concentration.
What is the definition ototoxic?
Ototoxicity is when a person develops hearing or balance problems due to a medicine. This can happen when someone is on a high dose of a drug that treats cancer, infections, or other illnesses.
Which diuretic is ototoxic?
The loop diuretic furosemide is associated with ototoxicity, particularly when doses exceed 240 mg per hour. The related compound ethacrynic acid has a higher association with ototoxicity, and is therefore used only in patients with sulfa allergies.
What are side effects of loop diuretics?
As a result, the loop diuretics are used more for the therapy of edema than long term therapy of hypertension. Common and shared side effects of the loop diuretics include dizziness, headache, gastrointestinal upset, hypernatremia, hypokalemia and dehydration.
How do loop diuretics cause hearing loss?
Loop diuretic induce unique pathological changes in the cochlea such as formation of edematous spaces in the epithelium of the stria vascularis, which leads to rapid decrease of the endolymphatic potential and eventual loss of the cochlear microphonic potential, summating potential, and compound action potential.
What is nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity?
Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity are clinically significant dose-related adverse effects associated with second-line anti-tubercular injectables drugs (aminoglycosides and capreomycin) used during intensive phase of treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients.
What is the difference between a diuretic and a loop diuretic?
They may also be used with antihypertensive drugs to control high blood pressure (hypertension). Lasix is an anthranilic acid derivative that is a type of loop diuretic while thiazides are another class of diuretic. A difference is that loop diuretics are more potent than thiazides.
Does acetazolamide cause ototoxicity?
Other drugs that cancer patients may be taking that may cause hearing loss or exacerbate the effects of inner ear damage include: Very high doses and long term use of Aspirin. Aminoglycodie Antibiotics (Erythromycinm, Gentamycin, Tobramycin, or Streptomycin. Diuretics such as furosemide (Lasix) and acetazolamide ( …
Does ethacrynic acid cause ototoxicity?
Results indicated an ototoxic effect of ethacrynic acid in concentrations of 30 and 50 mg/kg, and in concentrations of 10 mg/kg if the doses were repeated in two hours. Ethacrynic acid inhibits active ion transport in the tissues of the cochlear duct. This is manifested by a drop in EP, CM, and AP.
Which loop diuretic is most potent?
amiloride.
How do loop diuretics cause gout?
– Drug-induced-hyperuricaemia and gout present an emergent and increasingly prevalent problem in clinical practice. – Drugs raise serum uric acid level by increasing uric acid reabsorption and/or decreasing uric acid secretion in gout. – Adequate hydration and routine uric acid level monitoring should be encouraged for drugs known to induce hyperuricaemia.
Is hydralazine a loop diuretic?
Pretreatment with a beta blocker prevents sympathetic activation, reduces side effects, and potentiates the antihypertensive action.30 Hydralazine is used with a beta blocker and diuretic to control moderate to severe hypertension. Where renal function is seriously impaired, a loop diuretic rather than a thiazide is needed to avoid edema.
Is ototoxicity a side effect of lidocaine?
The phase IV clinical study analyzes which people take Lidocaine and have Ototoxicity. It is created by eHealthMe based on reports of 10,415 people who have side effects while taking Lidocaine from the FDA, and is updated regularly.