What is the scientific name of phytoplasma?
What is the scientific name of phytoplasma?
Candidatus PhytoplasmaPhytoplasma / Scientific name
What is Phytoplasma disease?
Phytoplasmas are phloem-limited pleomorphic bacteria lacking the cell wall, mainly transmitted through leafhoppers but also by plant propagation materials and seeds. Phytoplasma diseases of vegetable crops are characterized by symptoms such as little leaves, phyllody, flower virescence, big buds, and witches’ brooms.
Is aster yellows seed borne?
Crop rotation will not reduce aster yellows because it is not a soil-borne disease, and most crops are susceptible to the phytoplasma.
Who first discovered phytoplasma?
Phytoplasmas, a large group of plant-pathogenic, phloem-inhabiting bacteria were discovered by Japanese scientists in 1967. They are transmitted from plant to plant by phloem-feeding insect hosts and cause a variety of symptoms and considerable damage in more than 1,000 plant species.
What plants affect phytoplasma?
Phytoplasmas are economically important plant pathogens that affect annual and perennial crops, bushes and fruit trees, ornamental trees, and natural floras worldwide. All phytoplasmas are transmitted by phloem-feeding insects, mostly leafhoppers, planthoppers, and psyllids.
What causes phytoplasma?
Phytoplasmas infect plants and insects. They are spread by insects through their feeding activities which inject the pathogen into the phloem of the plants. The pathogen causes a host of symptoms, most of which are all potentially damaging to plant health.
What types of deformation and abnormalities is created by phytoplasma in plants?
The presence of phytoplasmas is associated with a wide range of symptoms including stunting, virescence, shortened internodes, big bud, little leaf, witches’ broom, phyllody, giant calyx, floral malformation, and vascular discoloration (Figure 1).
What causes aster yellow?
Aster yellows is caused by a phytoplasma, a very small specialized type of bacteria that can live only within the veins of a plant or within a sap sucking insect called the aster leafhopper.
What plants can get aster yellow?
Aster yellows is a disease that affects over 300 species of plants, including ornamentals such as aster, coneflower, zinnia, marigold, chrysanthemum, petunia, and snapdragon. Edibles affected include lettuce, carrot, tomato, and celery. Grasses and grains also are hosts.
How are phytoplasmic groups classified?
In a separate but related system, phytoplasmas are classified into groups and subgroups, based on the “fingerprint” (RFLP** pattern) of a segment of the gene that encodes 16S rRNA. (LINK TO GROUP section) –R.E. Davis
What is the most common phytoplasma?
The aster yellows phytoplasma group (16SrI) is presently the prevalent, followed by the peanut witches’ broom (16SrII).
What is the scientific name for phytoplasma?
‘CandidatusPhytoplasma’ species*. In the second system, phytoplasmas are classified into ‘CandidatusPhytoplasma’ species, based on the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene.
What Phytoplasmas are in the aster yellows group?
The phytoplasmas in the aster yellows group (16SrI) are predominant across different genera followed by the peanut witches’ broom (16SrII), clover proliferation (16SrVI) and “stolbur” (16SrXII-A) groups.