Which article of 1951 Convention defines refugee?

Which article of 1951 Convention defines refugee?

article 1
According to the article 1(A)(2) of the 1951 Convention, “the term ‘refugee’ shall apply to any person who […] as a result of events occurring before 1 January 1951 and owing to well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion …

What rights are refugees entitled to under the 1951 Convention?

These rights include, but are not limited to, the right to non-discrimination (article 3), the right to work (article 17), freedom of religion (article 4), the right to housing (article 21), the right to not be penalised for illegal entry (article 31), the right not to be expelled from a country unless the refugee …

What are the three criteria for determining refugees?

The provisions of the 1951 Convention defining who is a refugee consist of three parts, which have been termed respectively “inclusion”, “cessation” and “exclusion” clauses. 31. The inclusion clauses define the criteria that a person must satisfy in order to be a refugee.

What is the core principle of 1951 Refugee Convention?

The core principle is non-refoulement, which asserts that a refugee should not be returned to a country where they face serious threats to their life or freedom. This is now considered a rule of customary international law. UNHCR serves as the ‘guardian’ of the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol.

What is a refugee Refugee Convention?

The 1951 Refugee Convention is the key legal document governing international standards for refugee work and is administered by the United Nations High Commission on. Refugees. (UNHCR), established in 1950 to handle the millions of people displaced in the aftermath of World War II.

Who has authority to determine refugee status?

Eligibility. If you make a refugee claim, we’ll decide if it can be referred to the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB). The IRB is an independent tribunal that makes decisions on immigration and refugee matters. The IRB decides who is a Convention refugee or a person in need of protection.

How do I prove refugee status?

The most important document for an officer to review is either the refugee application or the relative petition, which provides proof of status and establishes identity (with attached photo) as well as citizenship, since most refugees will not have a birth certificate or a passport.

What are the limitations of the 1951 Refugee Convention?

the Convention takes no account of the impact (political, financial, social) of large numbers of asylum seekers on receiving countries. there is inequity of outcomes between ‘camp’ and ‘Convention’ refugees. Priority is given to those present, on the basis of their mobility, rather than to those with the greatest need.

Why was the 1951 Refugee Convention important?

Why is the Convention important? It was the first truly international agreement covering the most fundamental aspects of a refugee’s life. It recognized the international scope of refugee crises and the necessity of international cooperation, including burden-sharing among states, in tackling the problem.

What are the rights of refugees under the 1951 Convention?

The 1951 Convention contains a number of rights and also highlights the obligations of refugees towards their host country. The cornerstone of the 1951 Convention is the principle of non-refoulement contained in Article 33.

What is the 1967 Protocol on refugees?

The 1967 Protocol broadens the applicability of the 1951 Convention. The 1967 Protocol removes the geographical and time limits that were part of the 1951 Convention. These limits initially restricted the Convention to persons who became refugees due to events occurring in Europe before 1 January 1951. Does a refugee also have obligations?

How many countries have signed the UN Refugee Convention?

It resulted in the United Nations Refugee Protocol which removed the 1951 dateline in the Convention and which was opened for accession on 31st January 1967. To date, 114 States in all regions of the world have become parties to the 1951 Convention and/or to the 1967 Protocol.

What is Article 1 of the UN Convention on refugees?

In broad terms, Article 1 of the Convention outlines the basis on which protection to refugees is granted, or denied, or discontinued.