What does it mean if IGF-1 is low?

What do the results mean? If your child’s results show lower than normal levels of IGF-1, it probably means he or she has a GH deficiency or insensitivity to GH. In a child, this may be caused by a genetic disorder or brain disease. Your child may benefit from treatment with GH supplementation.

Does IGF-1 increase during pregnancy?

Previous studies have demonstrated increases in maternal serum levels of IGF-I with the combined changes of fetal size, maternal weight, and placental mass during pregnancy.

Which is the main hormone that stimulates IGF-1 release in the fetus?

GH induces the generation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1, also called somatomedin 1) in the liver and regulates the paracrine production of IGF-1 in many other tissues. The cascade of the growth hormone axis.

Why does growth hormone decrease in pregnancy?

During gestation the GH system is regulated by the placental growth hormone, which increases continuously with the growth of placenta and stimulates maternal IGF-1 levels, leading to a concomitant decline in pituitary GH secretion.

How can I increase my IGF-1 levels?

Protein. Eating enough high-quality protein is critical if you want to increase your IGF-1 levels. Research shows that low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1 (69). Meanwhile, high-protein diets can increase IGF-1 levels (66-67, 71-72).

Does growth hormone affect fetal growth?

Hormones play a central role in regulating fetal growth and development. They act as maturational and nutritional signals in utero and control tissue development and differentiation according to the prevailing environmental conditions in the fetus.

What increases IGF?

Which foods increase IGF-1 levels?

protein derived from milk, fish and poultry, but not red meat (Giovannucci and coworkers, 2003)
protein derived from red meat, fish, seafood and zinc (Larsson and coworkers, 2005)
dietary fat, saturated fat and protein, but not carbohydrate (Heald and coworkers, 2003)

How does pregnancy affect insulin sensitivity?

As the pregnancy advances to third trimester, insulin sensitivity may gradually decline to 50% of the normal expected value [5]. This decline is reported to be mediated by a number of factors such as increase in the levels of estrogen, progesterone, human placental lactogen (hPL), among other factors [6].

How do hormones affect fetal development?

Do insulin and IGF-1 concentrations differ between age groups?

The concentrations of insulin and IGF-1 were determined in the blood plasma of the tested pregnant women. The median concentration of insulin in the blood plasma did not differ significantly between the two age groups (Table 4).

What does IGF-1 stand for?

BMI – body mass index; IGF-1—insulin-like growth factor-1; Q1 and Q3—first and third quartiles. Significant differences in the concentration of IGF-1 in the blood plasma of the tested pregnant women were shown depending on the age of the women (Table 4).

What is the role of insulin and IGF in pregnancy?

Insulin and IGF are involved in the regulation of placental and foetal growth and development. The main function of insulin is the regulation and modulation of metabolic processes and transport of nutrients across the placenta, e.g., glucose and fatty acids.

What is the normal range of insulin concentration before pregnancy?

Significant differences were found between the plasma insulin concentration in women with normal BMI (18.5–24.95 kg/m2) before pregnancy and those with a BMI (25.0–29.95 kg/m2) indicating an overweight state.