What is electron affinity with example?
What is electron affinity with example?
Electron affinity is the energy change that results from adding an electron to a gaseous atom. For example, when a fluorine atom in the gaseous state gains an electron to form F⁻(g), the associated energy change is -328 kJ/mol.
What are the types of electron affinity?
There are two types of electron affinity, first and second. The first involves the addition of an electron to a neutral atom. Because this exothermic process releases energy, first electron affinities are negative values. The second pertains to the addition of an electron to a negative ion.
What is 1st and 2nd electron affinity?
We define the first electron affinity as the energy released when 1 mole of gaseous electrons are added to 1 mole of the element to form 1 mole of gaseous negative ions. The second electron affinity is the energy required to add a second electron to an anion.
What is the electron affinity of an electron?
electron affinity, in chemistry, the amount of energy liberated when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negatively charged ion. These values were obtained from measurements of heats of formation and lattice energies of ionic compounds of the elements. …
How do you explain electron affinity?
Electron affinity is defined as the change in energy (in kJ/mole) of a neutral atom (in the gaseous phase) when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion. In other words, the neutral atom’s likelihood of gaining an electron.
Is electron affinity Endo or Exo?
The electron affinity of an atom or molecule is the propensity for that particle to gain an electron. This is an exothermic process for all non-noble gas elements.
What is 2nd electron affinity?
The second electron affinity is the energy required to add an electron to each ion in 1 mole of gaseous 1- ions to produce 1 mole of gaseous 2- ions.
What is electron affinity in physics?
electron affinity, in chemistry, the amount of energy liberated when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negatively charged ion. The electron affinities of atoms are difficult to measure, hence values are available for only a few chemical elements, chiefly the halogens.
What is electron affinity in periodic table?
The electron affinity of an atom or molecule is the propensity for that particle to gain an electron. This is an exothermic process for all non-noble gas elements. Electron affinity generally increases across a period in the periodic table and sometimes decreases down a group.
What is an example of electron affinity?
The first electron affinity is the energy released when 1 mole of gaseous atoms acquire an electron to form 1 mole of gaseous -1 ions. Example: The first electron affinity of chlorine is -349 kJ mol⁻¹ The energy is needed to gain the electron when an electron is added to a metal element.
What is the relationship between electron affinity and electron addition?
The amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form an anion. The electron affinity is the potential energy change of the atom when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom to form a negative ion. So the more negative the electron affinity the more favourable the electron addition process is.
What is the meaning of electronic affinity?
The electronic affinity is amount of energy, that is released during the attachment of the electron to the neutral atom. As a result of such attachment, a negative ion (anion) is formed. Electron affinity is related to electronegativity of elements.
Why is the first electron affinity always negative?
The energy is released when an electron is being added to a neutral atom. Thus first electron affinities are always negative whereas second electron affinity (electron to negative ion) is positive. The electron affinity is further discussed below: First Electron Affinity: Negative energy because energy is released.