What is the etiology of pulmonary TB?

Pulmonary TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M tuberculosis). TB is contagious. This means the bacteria are easily spread from an infected person to someone else. You can get TB by breathing in air droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person.

How does tuberculosis enter cells?

TB is transmitted from an infected to a susceptible person in airborne particles, called droplet nuclei. Transmission occurs when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing Mtb, and the droplet nuclei traverse the mouth or nasal passages, upper respiratory tract and bronchi to reach the alveoli of the lungs.

Why is tuberculosis so fatal?

The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain. Not everyone infected with TB bacteria becomes sick. As a result, two TB-related conditions exist: latent TB infection (LTBI) and TB disease. If not treated properly, TB disease can be fatal.

What is the pathophysiology of lung Tuberculosis (LTBI)?

Infection occurs when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing tubercle bacilli that reach the alveoli of the lungs. Persons with LTBI have M. tuberculosis in their bodies, but do not have TB disease and cannot

What is the mode of transmission of tuberculosis?

by surface contact. Transmission occurs when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis , and the droplet nuclei traverse the mouth or nasal passages, upper respiratory tract, and bronchi to reach the alveoli of the lungs (Figure 2.2). M. tuberculosis

How are infectious droplet nuclei generated in tuberculosis (TB)?

Infectious droplet nuclei are generated when persons who have pulmonary or laryngeal TB disease cough, sneeze, shout, or sing. Chapter 2: Transmission and Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis 22 Figure 2.2 Transmission of TB TB is spread from person to person through the air. The dots in the air represent droplet nuclei containing tubercle bacilli.

What is TBTB?

TB is an airborne disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) (Figure 2.1). M. tuberculosis and seven very closely related mycobacterial species (M. bovis,